Tinjauan Green Economy dalam Hukum Persaingan Usaha di Indonesia

Abstrak

Green Economy merupakan sarana yang dapat mengurangi dampak buruk perubahan iklim. Tetapi, pelaksanaan Green Economy terkadang menemui hambatan pada larangan praktik persaingan usaha tidak sehat dan monopoli. Padahal, aspek hukum persaingan usaha dapat mempromosikan dan mengakselerasi pelaksanaan Green Economy. Penulis menganalisis konsep Green Economy, Rule of Reason, dan berbagai kasus seperti “Washing Machine” dan “Chicken for Tomorrow” untuk menunjang penelitian ini. Hasil yang penulis dapatkan adalah: (1) aspek lingkungan hidup belum secara tegas diakui dalam hukum persaingan usaha di Indonesia tetapi dapat diinterpretasikan masuk dalam frasa “kepentingan umum,” (2) masuknya penjelasan mengenai aspek lingkungan hidup dapat menciptakan kepastian hukum serta kebermanfaatan hukum bagi pelaku usaha dan masyarakat, (3) dalam menerapkan kelonggaran demi lingkungan hidup, sepanjang memberikan kontribusi “signifikan” pada lingkungan, kelonggaran sebaiknya tetap diberikan walaupun merugikan konsumen secara cost-benefit analysis. Dengan demikian, Indonesia perlu mengakui dengan tegas aspek lingkungan hidup dalam hukum persaingan usaha di Indonesia untuk mengakselerasi pelaksanaan Green Economy.

Kata Kunci: Green Economy; Kepentingan Umum; Perjanjian Berkelanjutan.

Abstract

Green Economy can reduce the adverse effects of climate change. However, its implementation sometimes encounters obstacles due to uncertainty in competition law. In fact, competition law can promote and accelerate Green Economy. The author analyzes the Green Economy concept, Rule of Reasons, and various cases such as the “Washing Machine” and “Chicken for Tomorrow” to support this research. The results are: (1) environmental aspects have not been explicitly recognized in Indonesian competition law but can be interpreted as being included in the phrase of “public interest,” (2) the inclusion of explanations regarding environmental aspects can create legal certainty and legal benefits for business actors and the community, and (3) there is a “significant” contribution to the environment, concessions should still be given even though it is detrimental to consumers based on a cost-benefit analysis. Thus, Indonesia should firmly recognize environmental aspects in its competition law to accelerate Green Economy.

Keywords: Agreement; Sustainable; Competition; Green.